Kutna Hora is a lovely day trip from Prague. If you have seen my blog post on the Bone Church in Kutna Hora, you may be intrigued enough to see it for yourself. However, even if you think the Bone Church isn’t “your cup of tea”, you should still go see Kutna Hora in Czech Republic. The historical town center and St. Barbara’s Church are on the UNESCO World Heritage list. St. Barbara’s Church has had a lengthy and rich history in Czech Republic. The Gothic St. Barbara’s Church boasts fascinating double-arched flying buttresses on its exterior. St. Barbara’s Church is majestic and powerful. Which i guess are what architects of cathedrals go for – awe-inspiring architecture which inspires an awe of god. Or not. The flying buttresses on the cathedral are some of my favorite that i have ever seen. Inside, medieval frescoes plus Baroque and Neo-Gothic artworks astound. It is by far the most spectacular monument in Kutna Hora and ranks among the most stunning Gothic cathedrals in Central Europe. 当我在捷克参观完人骨教堂后, 就接着前往捷克库娜荷拉 (Kutna Hora) 另一座拥有捷克最美丽哥德式建築之称的圣芭芭拉教堂 (St. Barbara's Church). 圣巴巴拉教堂是捷克共和国中波西米亚城市库特纳霍拉的一座教堂, 中欧地区的一座著名哥特式教堂, 被列为世界文化遗产. 其外观非常迷人. 由于库特纳霍的财富完全依赖于银矿, 而圣巴巴拉是矿工的主保圣人, 因此称这座教堂为圣巴巴拉教堂. 捷克库娜荷拉 (Kutna Hora) 小镇, 一直希望能赶上布拉格, 值得一提的是, 圣巴巴拉教堂的设计和建築师与布拉格市的圣维塔大教堂 (St. Vitus's Cathedral) 都起用同一位建築大师. 圣芭芭拉教堂的建筑是哥特式晚期的代表作之一. 捷克是世界遗产的一座宝库, 全国有 12 处世界遗产. 库特纳霍拉 Kutna Hora 就是其中一处. 库特纳霍拉在捷克可以算是一座城市, 按照习惯, 还是称它为一座有特色的小镇. 如同捷克城市中的一颗耀眼明珠, 白银之城 - 库特纳霍拉城兴建于捷克王国最繁盛的时期. 在这座城里, 来自不同历史时期的房屋构成了多样的建筑风格, 并且有着相当悠远的葡萄酒酿造历史. 库特纳霍拉最兴旺发达时期是公元 14-15 世纪. 因为这里有丰富的银矿, 采出的白银可以铸成银币. 在那个时代, 库特纳霍拉是欧洲最富有的城市之一. 因为富有, 也因为要表现自己的强大, 城市的统治者开始建造一座宏伟的教堂, 圣芭芭拉教堂. 因而这座教堂和库特纳霍拉的历史城区, 圣巴巴拉教堂一起在 1995 年被联合国列为世界文化遗产. Kutna Hora, famous for its silver mines in medieval times, exported silver to one-third of Europe at the end of the 13th century. During the following two centuries, it was one of the most significant towns in Bohemia. Because the mines were prosperous at that time, it was possible to build many impressive monuments in the town, such as the Saint Barbara’s Cathedral. 而从教堂旁的墙边这里远眺, 彷彿回到中世纪的欧洲, 真实而美好的景致. 沿途风光. 远眺大教堂. St. Barbara's Church dominates Kutna Hora from a hill overlooking the city. 走到一座小山头上, 欣赏古城的全貌, 当你看到丛林间冒出那古老的教堂和钟楼时. 纵观整个古城, 你会发现这同样是一座人类与自然非常相处和谐的城镇. 圣芭芭拉教堂拥有全世界最多哥德式飞扶壁. 美轮美奂的哥特式外观. 由于拍摄视角受限, 很难拍到这座教堂的全景, 从这个视角, 足以见得教堂精致的建筑工艺. 这个角度已经是最大限度将教堂纳入镜头了, 捷克人也在追求精益求精. 圣芭芭拉教堂外观精緻壮丽, 最著名的就是其飞扶壁, 拱顶以及叁座特殊的角锥型尖塔的设计, 据说是全世界拥有最多哥德式飞扶壁 (flying buttress) 的教堂, 一座座列于教堂两侧支撑著教堂, 二十七座尖塔各有二座飞扶壁和正厅连接, 整座教堂可说是波希米亚哥德式建築的宝石. 叁座特殊的角锥型尖塔的设计. 整座圣巴巴拉教堂采用哥特式建筑模式, 梯形的内部有8个放射状的小礼拜堂, 唱经楼等设施, 其花窗玻璃, 祭台, 讲道坛, 以中世纪采矿城镇世俗生活的中世纪壁画等都是颇受游客注意的看点. Altar and vaults, interior of St Barbara's Church. 教堂供奉著矿工的主保圣人: 圣芭芭拉, 手持书籍和宝塔的雕塑在教堂的右侧. 在教堂上部墙拐角矗立著十七世纪上半叶製作的叁点五米高, 代表著基督教品德 '正义, 克制, 谨慎, 勇敢' 的木製塑像. Vaults above the nave of St Barbara's Church. 在主中殿从下望上看, 拱顶的旋转肋状结构气势恢弘. 这座哥德式经坛中央那幅图画, 就是知名的 '最后的晚餐'. The main altar with the Neo-Gothic “Lord’s Last Supper” decoration was created in the early 1900s. The Neo-Gothic stained glass windows dating from the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century also enchant visitors with their themes from Czech and Kutna Hora history. The cathedral even makes up part of the background in two of the windows. 教堂内分为一区区的圣坛, 装饰得富丽堂皇, 一旁就搭配一座细緻美丽的彩绘玻璃窗, 它不是用玻璃马赛克拼成的, 而是画在玻璃上的油彩画, 上面记载著许多矿工的故事图画与《圣经》故事. St. Barbara is the patron saint of miners and many of the interior adornments reflect mining life. Stained-glass windows and frescoes depict winches, ore-trading and medieval minting techniques, and the ceiling murals include depictions of the miners’ guild coat of arms. 教堂内墙上中世纪壁画, 也是描绘中世纪采矿城镇的生活状况和一些宗教主题故事. 在建築风格上强调垂直向上, 轻盈修长的独特形式再加上教堂内部的彩色玻璃窗户, 让光线将宗教上的神秘感表达出来, 因此人们身处在哥德式教堂内, 自然就会感受到一股神秘瑰丽, 恍如身置天堂般的气氛. As a sort of "miners' church", it was perceived as an important symbol of protection of the town's miners and of the town itself. Just like the church exterior, its interior is stunning and quite complex. Lots of the interior imagery depict scenes from Kutna Hora's mining life. 教堂内供奉的矿井工人. 这座高耸的哥特式建筑象征着这座矿山之城的权利和重要地位, 因为这里的银矿有大量银储备. 因此这座教堂便成为了给矿工守护神 - 圣芭芭拉的献礼, 整座教堂历时五百年才竣工. 各式圣坛装饰的富丽堂皇. Me striking a picture at the awe-inspiring Gothic St. Barbara's Church before departure. From the outside, the St. Barbara Cathedral's soaring arches, dozens of spires, and intricate designs raise expectations that the interior will be just as impressive and you won't be disappointed. St. Barbara’s is the most spectacular gothic cathedral in the Czech Republic, a land noted for its Gothic cathedrals. It’s not enough just to appreciate the splendour of the cathedral from close up and impossible to capture all of it in a photograph. The intricacy of the flying buttresses, the unique tent-like sailing spires and the marvellous cliff-top setting combine to make a visit to the cathedral an awe-inspiring experience.
临行前, 再度回首望一望有着叁座尖塔设计的圣巴巴拉教堂. 六百年了, 教堂依然屹立在山丘的最顶端, 让过往的遊客怀思中古世纪银矿小镇一度的繁荣奢华. 去欣赏一下被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产的宏伟建筑吧, 然后让自己沉浸在这座白银之城的别样氛围中. Captivating Prague In Czech Republic 捷克布拉格古美浪漫之旅 - To be continued…..
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